Stomach cancer, also called gastric cancer, is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. While treatment options vary depending on the stage and spread of the disease, surgery remains the primary treatment for most patients. It offers the best chance of long-term survival when the cancer is detected early enough to be removed completely.
This blog explains the types of stomach cancer surgery, what to expect during the procedure, recovery tips, and why expert care is essential.
What is Stomach Cancer Surgery?
Stomach cancer surgery involves removing part or all of the stomach to eliminate cancerous tissue. Depending on the stage, location, and extent of the cancer, surgery may also include removal of nearby lymph nodes and sometimes parts of other organs.
Surgery can be done as:
- Curative surgery – aimed at completely removing the cancer.
- Palliative surgery – to relieve symptoms like bleeding or obstruction when the cancer cannot be fully removed.
What are the Different Types of Stomach Cancer Surgery?
1. Subtotal (Partial) Gastrectomy
In this surgery, the surgeon removes the portion of the stomach affected by cancer along with nearby lymph nodes. The remaining part of the stomach is connected to the esophagus or small intestine. This option is common when cancer is limited to the lower or upper part of the stomach.
2. Total Gastrectomy
When cancer affects the entire stomach, doctors may recommend removing the entire stomach along with surrounding lymph nodes. The esophagus is then directly connected to the small intestine. After this surgery, patients need to make lifelong adjustments to eating habits.
3. Endoscopic Resection (Minimally Invasive Surgery)
For very early-stage stomach cancers, doctors may use an endoscope (a thin tube with a camera) to remove tumors without making large incisions. Techniques such as Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection (ESD) are used in select patients.
4. Palliative Surgery
If the cancer is advanced and cannot be completely removed, surgery may still be performed to ease symptoms. This could involve bypassing a blockage, controlling bleeding, or reducing pain.
To know more about the different types of stomach cancer surgeries and how each procedure is performed, read our detailed blog on the types of stomach cancer surgery.
How is the Stomach Cancer Surgery Procedure Performed?
Stomach cancer surgery can be done using:
- Open surgery – through a large abdominal incision.
- Laparoscopic (keyhole) surgery – using small cuts and a camera, which usually means faster recovery and less pain.
During surgery, doctors not only remove the affected part of the stomach but also check for cancer spread in nearby lymph nodes, tissues, and sometimes the spleen or pancreas.
The surgery typically takes several hours and is performed under general anesthesia. Before the procedure, patients may undergo nutritional counseling, blood tests, and imaging scans to ensure they are strong enough for surgery. This preparation stage is crucial, as patients with better nutrition often recover more smoothly.
What Happens After Stomach Cancer Surgery?
Hospital Stay
Patients usually stay in the hospital for 7–10 days after surgery. During this time, doctors monitor for complications and gradually reintroduce fluids and soft foods. Pain management and wound care are also part of early recovery.
Diet Adjustments
Since the stomach plays a key role in digestion, dietary changes are essential. Patients may need to:
- Eat smaller, more frequent meals.
- Avoid very sweet or fatty foods to reduce “dumping syndrome” (when food moves too quickly into the small intestine).
- Take vitamin supplements, as absorption may be affected.
- Work with a dietitian to create a meal plan that supports healing and prevents weight loss.
Emotional Well-being
Recovery is not only physical but also emotional. Some patients feel anxious about eating again or worry about recurrence. Counseling, support groups, and family encouragement can make recovery less overwhelming.
What Are the Risks and Possible Side Effects?
Like all major surgeries, stomach cancer surgery carries some risks. Common complications include:
- Bleeding or infection
- Leakage from the site where the stomach or intestine is reconnected
- Digestive problems such as nausea, diarrhea, or weight loss
- Nutrient deficiencies, especially vitamin B12 and iron
These side effects can be managed effectively with medical guidance, nutrition support, and lifestyle changes. Patients should attend all follow-up appointments to ensure complications are identified early.
How Long Does Recovery Take After Stomach Cancer Surgery?
Recovery varies depending on the type of surgery and the patient’s overall health.
- Initial recovery: Most people need 4–6 weeks before returning to normal activities.
- Long-term recovery: Adjusting to new eating habits and building strength may take several months.
During recovery, light physical activity such as walking can help improve circulation, boost mood, and speed up healing. A gradual return to daily activities under medical guidance ensures the body adapts safely to changes after surgery.
Can Lifestyle Changes Support Recovery After Surgery?
Yes. Lifestyle changes make a big difference in how patients adjust after stomach cancer surgery. Some tips include:
- Quitting smoking and alcohol to prevent further complications.
- Staying physically active with low-impact exercises.
- Maintaining a nutrient-rich diet with sufficient protein, vitamins, and minerals.
- Prioritizing mental health through relaxation practices, counseling, or support groups.
These habits not only aid recovery but also improve long-term health and reduce the risk of cancer recurrence.
Why is Expert Care Crucial in Stomach Cancer Surgery?
Stomach cancer surgery is complex and requires a multidisciplinary approach. The expertise of surgeons, oncologists, dietitians, and rehabilitation specialists ensures:
- Accurate staging and treatment planning
- Reduced risk of complications
- Better long-term survival outcomes
- Comprehensive support for nutrition, recovery, and emotional well-being
Choosing a hospital with advanced facilities and experienced teams makes a significant difference in treatment success. Hospitals that provide holistic care—covering medical, nutritional, and psychological aspects—give patients the confidence and strength needed during recovery.
Final Thoughts
Stomach cancer surgery is a life-changing procedure that demands precision, expert care, and long-term support. From choosing the right surgical approach to managing recovery, every step matters in ensuring better health outcomes.
At RPS Hospital, our team of specialists is dedicated to offering advanced stomach cancer care with compassion and expertise. With state-of-the-art surgical facilities and personalized recovery programs, we are committed to guiding patients toward a healthier future. If you or your loved one is facing stomach cancer, timely consultation and expert care can make all the difference.
